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The future of molecular radiotherapy

Glenn Flux Jonathan Wadsley molecular radiotherapy radiopharmaceutical

Molecular radiotherapy (MRT) refers to treatment that delivers radiation to a tissue via the interaction of a radiopharmaceutical with a molecular receptor, although is used in a more general sense to refer to any treatment with radiotherapeutics that can take account of imaging and patient dosimetry. Probably the most well-known example of MRT is the use of I-131 NaI (radioiodine) in the treatment of both benign and malignant thyroid disease. This treatment exploits the sodium iodide sympoter (NIS), a transmembrane protein almost exclusively expressed by thyroid cells, which pumps iodine into these cells to facilitate thyroid hormone production. I-131 was first administered to patients in 1941, 80 years ago, and remains a highly effective treatment for thyroid cancer, able to cure some patients of metastatic disease.

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