The role of ultrasound in lung disease

Thoracic ultrasound (TUS) has emerged as an invaluable tool in the diagnosis and management of lung disease. Historically underutilised, advancements in ultrasound technology have revolutionised its application in pulmonary medicine. The lung, predominantly an air-filled organ, does not traditionally lend itself to direct ultrasound imaging; however, the presence of interstitial fluid, pleural effusion, consolidation or atelectasis allows for effective ultrasound assessment. Various artefacts, such as A-lines and B-lines, provide critical diagnostic clues in evaluating pulmonary pathology. This article explores the role of TUS in lung disease, highlighting its clinical indications, limitations and practical applications in modern medical practice. Endobronchial ultrasound is outside of the scope of this article.

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