Implementation of a dual-energy CT protocol for imaging multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of bone marrow cancer characterised by uncontrolled proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) damaging the bones and affecting the production of healthy blood cells. MM often affects multiple parts of the body including spine, skull, pelvis and ribs. Imaging is performed for MM detection, staging, stratification and assessment of treatment response.

First-line imaging recommendation from NICE for MM is to use whole body MRI (WBMRI) owing to its excellent depiction of the bone marrow. However, if WBMRI is unsuitable or declined by a patient in suspected myeloma, whole body low dose CT (WBLDCT) is recommended. WBLDCT is also recommended in confirmed new myeloma when WBMRI cannot be performed.

The availability of state-of-the-art CT scanners with dual energy spectral imaging and dose optimisation capabilities at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust (GSTT) has prompted the investigation of imaging techniques that may provide superior image quality (IQ) and improve the management of MM patients.

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