MRI in bladder cancer staging: from principles to practice
Bladder cancer is a common and heterogeneous malignancy in which accurate local staging is critical, as management differs fundamentally between non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive disease. While cystoscopy and transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) remain central to both diagnosis and treatment, they have recognised limitations in assessing depth of invasion, with muscle involvement underestimated in a […]
Dr Tristan Barrett
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge