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January 16, 2025

Temporal enhancement characteristics of contrast-enhanced mammography

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is a functional imaging technique that is becoming increasingly widespread in clinical practice. This advanced mammographic technique utilises dual-energy subtraction mammography in combination with an intravenous iodinated contrast agent to produce two sets of diagnostic mammographic images. The low energy images are equivalent to a standard full field digital mammogram, while the […]

Dr Sarah Savarides

University of Dundee

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January 16, 2025

Double reporting with arbitration in the symptomatic setting – is it worth it?

National breast screening and high risk screening mammograms in the UK are all double reported with arbitration. However, with regard to symptomatic mammogram reporting, the guidance does not stipulate that double reporting is required, which allows for variation in practice based on departmental protocols. Our service also double reported all non-breast screening mammograms, including symptomatic […]

Laura Sewell, Dr Kirsty McNeil, Dr Sarah Savarides

NHS Tayside, University of Dundee

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September 11, 2024

Testing the quality of image processing for human and AI readers

Generally, there are two main types of image processing applied to radiographic images: •pre-processing, which undertakes corrections for detector and x-ray field non-uniformities such as detector structural noise (‘for processing’). •post-processing, which aims to display the image optimally for the reader (‘for presentation’). This article discusses post-processing and focuses on mammography.

Alistair Mackenzie, John Loveland

Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust

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April 17, 2024

Experience of mammography AI in a UK screening centre

AI applications in the field of breast imaging have gained a great deal of interest. Despite the use of computer-aided detection in breast screening having been studied in the past, it was not until the last decade that developments in machine learning and processing power made it possible to apply AI to digital imaging and […]

Dr Gerald Lip, Sarah Philip, Michelle Cumming, Lana Fairburn

North East Scotland Breast Screening Centre

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January 17, 2024

Exploring whether FAST MRI could detect aggressive breast cancers earlier than mammography

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the UK. Delays to breast cancer surgery as short as four weeks cost lives because treatments are effective and early detection improves survival. Early detection also makes it less likely that a mastectomy or chemotherapy are needed. The NHS population-risk screening programme offers women aged 50-70 a […]

Dr Lyn Jones, Dr Rebecca Geach

Bristol Breast Care Centre, Southmead Hospital

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July 12, 2023

Congenital and developmental abnormalities of the breast and their clinical implications

The human breast is an epidermal appendage derived from apocrine glands. The adult breast base overlies the second to sixth ribs in the midclavicular line and lies anterior to the deep pectoral fascia, overlying the pectoralis major muscle and the serratus anterior muscle inferolaterally. It is enclosed in a split of the superficial fascia and […]

Dr Sarah J Vinnicombe

Thirlestaine Breast Centre

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July 12, 2023

Tackling workforce shortages across breast screening and symptomatic services

The significant workforce challenges facing breast screening and symptomatic services, covering both medical and radiographic staff groups, have been highlighted in a number of studies. For example, a survey of the four-tier radiographic workforce was published by Public Health England (PHE – now part of NHS England) in November 2016. This analysed current staffing, vacancy […]

Lyndsay Kinnear, Dr Megan Bydder, Dr Soujanya Gadde, Dr Caroline Parkin, Dr Mary Wilson

Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust

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February 15, 2023

Breast imaging recommendation in pregnant and lactating women

There are significant physiological changes during pregnancy and lactation. One of the main changes is the increasing proliferation of the milk ducts secondary to hormonal stimulation. This subsequently increases the density and volume of breast tissue, which may compromise imaging diagnostic sensitivity, especially in mammography examinations. In addition, there are concerns about radiation and contrast […]