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gynaecology

May 1, 2025

Dos and don’ts for a clinically useful gynaecology scan and report

A clinically useful gynaecological ultrasound scan and report is pivotal to the patient’s ongoing management. The referring clinician should have their clinical question answered, a diagnosis given for any abnormal findings and, where appropriate, recommendation for further investigation or referral to a specialist team. This is particularly pertinent with regards to the gynaecological patient. A […]

Alison Smith

Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust

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April 28, 2025

Assessment of the cervix and vagina in the routine transvaginal scan

Views of the cervix in a routine transvaginal scan are usually obtained when assessing the appearance and size of the uterus, and the vagina is visualised as the probe is first introduced, while in the introitus view. It is easy to overlook these structures and to concentrate mainly on assessing the uterus and the ovaries. […]

Naomi Goldsworthy, Angela Clough

Derriford Hospital

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July 17, 2024

Ultrasound diagnosis of retained pregnancy tissue

Retained pregnancy tissue (RPT) is a common complication affecting many women following delivery, miscarriage and termination of pregnancy. The use of transvaginal ultrasound remains the most accurate imaging modality for assessing symptomatic women. However, diagnostic accuracy is heavily dependent on a number of factors. Prompt, accurate diagnosis of RPT is essential to identify women who […]

Ellie Hulme, Jemma Johns

King's College Hospital, King's College London

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March 13, 2024

Top tips for improving transvaginal ultrasound scanning

The development of transvaginal ultrasound scanning (TVS) continues to revolutionise the diagnosis and management of gynaecological pathology. As well as providing assessment of pelvic morphology, high resolution dynamic imaging enables assessment of pelvic mobility that is not possible with other imaging modalities such as MRI. As an intimate examination, it is paramount that operators strive […]

Roxanne Sicklen

Barnet Hospital

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July 13, 2022

Ultrasound reporting – what the gynaecologist wants to know

Ultrasound, chiefly transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS), is the preferred imaging modality for assessing female pelvic anatomy, making it an important gynaecological investigation. TVUS is unique in that it acts not only as an imaging modality but as a dynamic examination, and as such many findings cannot be determined from stored static images alone. This means, more […]

Dr Uzo Sampson, Miss Jackie Ross

King's College Hospital, London

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May 11, 2022

The use of hysterosalpingography in fertility imaging

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a relatively inexpensive outpatient radiographic procedure that has been performed for over a century. It provides an assessment of the uterus and fallopian tubes and is used in the evaluation of primary and secondary infertility. Other indications include the post-operative assessment of tubal ligation or reanastomosis, investigation of recurrent spontaneous abortions and […]

Dr Richard J C Dunham

Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust

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May 11, 2022

Incidental findings in the ovary

Imaging plays an important role in clinical decision making for patients. The exponential rise in the use of cross-sectional imaging over recent years has resulted in an increase in the prevalence of asymptomatic incidental findings, reported to be as high as 23.6% of CT studies with incidental ovarian lesions occurring in up to 6.6% of […]

Dr Geetanjali Kakar, Dr Nishat Bharwani

Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust

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December 15, 2021

You really can diagnose endometriosis on ultrasound

Endometriosis is such a common disease, it affects around 10% of all women. This condition results from the presence of endometrial-like tissue in an abnormal location, for example in the peritoneum (superficial endometriosis), in the uterine myometrium (adenomyosis), in the ovaries (ovarian endometrioma), in the ligaments and connective tissue behind the uterus (retro-cervical fibrosis), or […]